Ann. Pak. Inst. Med. Sci. 2010; 6(1): 4-6

Background: The cardiovascular diseases are more common in postmenopausal women because of non-formation of estrogens. This leads to derangements in lipid profile and apolipoprotiens A 1 and B. It has been seen that Apo B. is more related to the development of hypertension in postmenopausal women while cholesterol and triglycerides are not considerably related to this metabolic state.
Study Design: Case Series Study
Place and Duration: The department of physiology PGMI Lahore, from August 2006 - October 2006
Materials and Methods: 75 Pakistani females were included in this study. Three groups each having 25 members were formed with the following names:Control Group-(age range 25-44 years),Experimental Group 1 (age range 46-60 years),Experimental Group 2 (age range 61-80)
Their consent was taken and 10cc blood was withdrawn. Serum cholesterol, triglycerides and apo. B were measured
Results: The comparisons of mean values of all the parameter were made between various groups and it was deduced that cholesterol and triglycerides were non significantly altered P>0.05while there was significant change noted in the mean values of Apo B, while making comparisons between various groups of the study. There were also noted significant changes in comparison of mean value of Systolic blood pressure and Diastolic blood pleasure in various Group of the study
Conclusion: Menopause is accompanied by development of hypertension which is linked with the derangements in the concentration of Apo B, in addition to other risk factors, like cholestrol and triglycerides
Keywords: Hypertension, Rish factors for hypertension, Apolipo
Protein-B

Introduction

Coronary artery disease (CAD) has been the leading cause of death in insudation country of male over 40 year of age and female over 50 year of age. The CAD is more common due to the atherogenic processes which means the thickening of the vessel walls secondary to fibrous and lipid deposition in the intimae of the medium sized arteries resulting in narrowing of the blood vessles.¹
There are two long standing theories for the development of atherosclerosis named the insulation theory of Virchow and The Thrombosis theory of Rokitanowsky. Both theories say that atherosclerosis is the squeal of endothelial cell dysfunction with additional haemostatic abnormalities along with micro cellular proliferation and lipid depositation in media of small size arteries.²
Recent studies indicate that the measurement of the plasma level of apolipoprotein B provides a more useful assessment of risk of coronary heart disease then does the measurement of plasma cholesterol and fasting total triglyceride level. Apolipoprotien B comprises 95% of the apolipoproteins present in low density liprotein particle (LDL, that transport cholesterol to periphery.^3-5
There is a well established correlation between increased concentration of plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) and coronary heart disease (CHD). Most studies on this relationship have depended on measurement of the cholesterol complement of LDL but more recent studies have intimated that measurement of apoliporaties B (Apo-B) may have great value in particular some individual at risk of developing coronary artery disease are found to have increased level of Apo B but normal concentration of cholesterol.^1-3
It is well established that Apo B levels are associated with coronary heart disease and are even a better predictor of it then is the cholesterol component of LDL level. A naïve way of explaining this observation is to use the idea that Apo B reflects lipoprotein practical number (independent of their cholesterol content). In this way, one can infer that the number of Apo B containing lipoprotein particles is a determinant of atherosclerosis and heart diseases.^6-8