Bacterial Bacterial Profile and Antibiotics Susceptibility Pattern of Isolates from Urine Culture of Children with urinary Tract Infection

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the commonest bacterial infections seen in children. To avoid long-term effects, early detection and proper antibiotic administration are crucial. Moreover, local microbial profiles guide antibiotic selection. We conducted a study to know the local Bacterial Profile and Antibiotics Susceptibility Pattern of Isolates from Urine Culture of Children with urinary Tract Infection.

Materials and methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study on children up to 16 years of age with UTI, during the period of October 2022 to April 2023. The recorded variables were demographic. Data was recorded from computer records and presented as frequency.

Results: Out of 134 children, 94(70%) were females. Escherichia coli (E.Coli) 84(63%) was the commonest isolate followed by Enterococcus sp. 30(22%) and Klebsiella sp. 14(10%). Enterococcus sp was mostly isolated from less than one year of age, 13/30 (43%), while E.coli was mostly isolated from 1-8 years of age, 38/84(45%). but it was not found statistically significant (P-value =0.065). Gender wise frequency of types of isolates showed equal distribution (P-value =0.9).  E.Coli was sensitive to Fosfomycin (93%), the Carbapenems (92%) Aminoglycosides (78%) and Nitrofurantoin (78%). The antibiotic showing highest sensitivity, in case of Enterococcus was, Linezolid (100%) followed by Vancomycin (95%) and Fosfomycin (65%). Our study shows increased resistance to third generation cephalosporins. Klebsiella sp. was the most resistant one, showing less than 50% sensitivity to most of the antibiotics.

Conclusion: The urinary tract infections (UTI) in children are highest with E. coli followed by Enterococcus, Klebsiella and Pseudomonas. According to our results Imipenem, Amikacin, Nitrofurantoin, Meropenem and Cefoperazone-sulbactum are the best options for selecting empirical antibiotics for the treatment of the most common pathogen that is E.coli for suspected UTI in children in our regional area. Generation of local antibiograms should be on regular basis.  The definitive therapy should be initiated only after culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing.