A Multi-centered study to evaluate causes of amputation amongst patients of depression and anxiety

Abstract

Background: Trauma is among one of leading causes of amputation followed by vascular disease, while other causes were uncontrolled diabetes, malignancies and infections. RTA was the cause of 58.8% of all traumatic amputations. Traumatic limb amputations could occur because of an occupational, agricultural, environmental, suicidal injuries, assaults, or the domestic accidents.

Materials and Methods: Three Main Rehabilitation Centers from Quetta, were involved in 3 month’s cross-sectional research. 54 subjects were included in this research. Inclusion Criteria was “newly amputees to 10years’ time since an amputation, amputees with nonpsychiatric history & background, “Upper & lower limb uni-lateral amputees. Exclusion Criteria was amputation because of congenital malformation, amputees from an Afghanistan, amputees with bi-lateral Amputation. Adopted structured questionnaire “Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale†(HADS) was used. Chi-square test was done.

Results: 47 were men while women were 7. 66.7% amputations were as a consequence of Traumatic injuries whereas 33.3% were as a result of non-traumatic causes. Regarding traumatic causes, major was RTA’s with 46.3% (25), while among non-traumatic diabetes stood first (1^st) with 24.1%. Tumor along with fall were least responsible for amputation (4%) contribution each. Chi-square test reveals statistically insignificant relationship between anxiety, depression with different causes of amputation (p value= 0.13, 0.10) respectively.

Conclusion: RTA and diabetes were the main reasons of amputation. Causes of amputation have an impact on anxiety & depression despite the insignificant relationship. Outcomes of this study can also be utilized for prevention planning.

Keywords: Amputation, Anxiety, Causes, Depression, Traumatic