Resolution of type 2 diabetes after Sleeve gastrectomy

Abstract

Abstract

Background:

Chronic liver disease (CLD) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are significant health challenges in Pakistan, often exacerbated by obesity. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has emerged as a potent intervention for managing obesity-associated T2D. This study aims to evaluate the long-term effects of LSG on T2D remission, weight loss, and hormonal changes in a diverse cohort of Pakistani patients.

Methods:

A cohort of 30 patients, including 19 females and 11 males, underwent LSG from 1st august 2022 till 30th September 2023. Data were collected on HbA1c levels, excess weight loss (EWL), and plasma glucose levels (PGL) at multiple time points: preoperatively, 3 days postoperatively (POD), 2 weeks, and 6 months.

Results:

The mean age of the patients was 47.06 years. Preoperative HbA1c levels averaged 8.85%, which significantly decreased to 8.17% by the 3rd POD, 7.07% at 2 weeks, and 5.92% at 6 months. EWL showed substantial improvements, with means of 4.05% at the 3rd POD, 11.67% at 2 weeks, and 35.08% at 6 months. PGL also demonstrated marked reductions, from a mean of 202.7 mg/dL at the 3rd POD to 138.4 mg/dL at 2 weeks and 100.8 mg/dL at 6 months. Both genders experienced significant benefits, with female patients showing a mean EWL of 34.9% and male patients showing 35.4% at 6 months.

Conclusion:

LSG is an effective intervention for achieving significant weight loss, improving glycemic control, and reducing plasma glucose levels in Pakistani patients with T2D. These findings support the use of LSG as a valuable tool for managing obesity-related T2D in diverse populations. Further research with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods is recommended to validate these results and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.