Impact of coronary artery bypass grafting on left ventricular function in patients with low ejection fraction

Abstract

Objective: To study the impact of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting on Left Ventricular Function in patients with low ejection fraction.

Methodology: This observational study was conducted at the Cardiac surgery Department of Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore for a time period of 6 months from June 2019 to November 2019. 114 patients were selected through Non-probability, consecutive sampling technique. All patients then underwent echocardiography to evaluate LV ejection fraction. Patients then underwent CABG and were followed for left ventricular function i.e. ejection fraction after 5 days of surgery. Left ventricular function was evaluated by using echocardiography. All this information was entered on predesigned proforma. Data analysis was done through SPSS version 21. Mean ± standard deviation was calculated for left ventricular function. Preoperative and Postoperative left ventricular function was differentiated by applying paired sample t-test with p-value≤0.05 considered as significant.

Results: The mean age of study population was 55.57± 8.76 years with an age range of 30 to 70 years. There were 94(82.46%) male and 20(17.54%) female cases with male to female ratio of 4.7:1. The mean weight, height and BMI were 78.81±12.04 kg, 1.67 ± 0.09 m and 28.27±4.09 respectively.  The mean ejection faction before surgery was 32.13 ± 3.94 % and after 5 days of surgery the mean ejection fraction was significantly improved to 36.15± 4.11%, p-value < 0.0001.

Conclusion: The level of left ventricular remodeling determines the functional improvement rate after CABG. Patients undergoing CABG with low ejection fractions have been benefited in early assessment.