Spectrum of Hypertensive Retinopathy in Patients of Acute St Elevated Myocardial Infarction in Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of hypertensive retinopathy in patients of acute ST elevated myocardial infarction.

Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Cardiology Department, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar from May 2019 to November 2019. The study included patients of both genders aged between 40 and 70 years, presenting with acute ST elevated myocardial infarction and a history of hypertension for at least 5 years who were receiving antihypertensive medication. Fundoscopy was conducted by two experienced ophthalmologists using a RIESTER ophthalmoscope. Consensus was reached on the findings of fundoscopy, and patients were assessed for the presence of hypertensive retinopathy. All the information was entered and analysed by using SPSS version 20.

Results: In this study mean age was 58 years with standard deviation ± 12.73. 65% patients were male while 35% patients were female. Out of all 27% patients had hypertensive retinopathy and 73% patients didn’t had hypertensive retinopathy. Moreover hypertensive retinopathy was statistically insignificant with respect to age, gender, smoking, diabetes mellitus  and BMI, p-values were quite insignificant (>0.05).

Conclusion:  Our study concludes that the frequency of hypertensive retinopathy was 27% in patients of acute ST elevated myocardial infarction.